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Looking ahead of the 2026 winter – how much storage will Europe use?Research paper

Natural gas storage facilities are a fundamental source of seasonal supply in Europe. Storage obligation set out in 2022 required all storage facilities to be filled up to 90% of their capacity by the start of withdrawal season. Some Member States with ...

ETS2 implementation in Hungary lagging one year behindResearch paper

EU ETS2 - the extension of the EU Emissions Trading System to the buildings and transport sectors, as well as to industrial companies not covered by ETS1 - was originally planned to start operating in 2027. As the regulation is expected to increase ...

High Prices in the Region – Is Flow-Based Market Coupling to Blame?Research paper

The introduction of flow-based market coupling (FBMC) within the Core region represented a major step forward in European power market integration. Under the flow-based market coupling mechanism, transmission system operators manage transmission capacity ...

Storage obligation in the EU27 – distorting markets or solving a market failure?Research paper

The energy crisis in Europe and the war in Ukraine prompted a number of regulatory responses in the EU27. One of these responses was the so-called storage regulation, introduced in 2022 stipulating a mandatory fill-up target by 1 November each year. The ...

Beyond Batteries – Exploring Long-Duration Electricity Storage SolutionsResearch paper

This policy brief is based on the workshop titled “ Beyond Batteries – Exploring Long-Duration Electricity Storage Solutions ” co-organized by the British Embassy Budapest and REKK, which took place on January 29th, 2025. Main conclusions: Long-duration ...

Experience of the Picasso platform, expected impact of accessionResearch paper

Achieving a fully integrated energy market under the EU electricity target model constitutes an ongoing process. Given that the integration of wholesale markets is already at a mature stage, the next step forward is the successful integration of the ...

Daily gas demand in Europe: how much does temperature matter?Research paper

Building-heating related use of natural gas is highly temperature-dependent. Majority of buildings in Europe are heated with natural gas, which has been a stable and cheap fuel for the early 2000’s. Russia’s war in Ukraine and the curtailment of Russian ...

EU Sanctions on Russian LNGResearch paper

In response to Russia’s unprovoked invasion of Ukraine, the EU rolled out a number of sanctions targeting the Russian economy. Until the 14th sanctions package, none included restrictions on Russian pipeline gas or LNG. In June 2024, the 14th sanction ...

What comes after net-meteringOptions for a new compensation scheme in Hungary for distributed renewable energy productionResearch paper

The current compensation scheme (net-metering) applied to small household power plants in Hungary will be phased out for new users by the end of 2023 at the latest. However, details of the new scheme have not yet been disclosed by the legislator. The ...

The Role of Storage in the Future Electricity Systems: What can we learn from the UK?Policy briefResearch paper

This policy brief is based on the discussion titled “ Flexibility, Energy Storage and Demand Side Response - Knowledge sharing between the United Kingdom and Hungary to enhance energy security workshop ”, which took place March 16th, 2023. Main ...